PID Temperature Controller

A PID Temperature Controller is a sophisticated device or algorithm used to precisely maintain a desired temperature (called the setpoint) in a process by continuously adjusting a heating or cooling element. It stands for Proportional, Integral, and Derivative, which are the three core mathematical terms it uses to calculate its output.
Unlike simpler on/off thermostats that just switch power fully on or off when the temperature crosses a threshold, PID controllers provide much finer control, minimizing temperature fluctuations and reacting effectively to disturbances.